Making Preschool a Supportive Environment

Making Pre school mean solar days a Supportive purlieuChild safeguard Making A Pre- schooldays Setting A Supportive And Safe EnvironmentIntroductionSection 1 explores the variety of pre-school offerrs and summarises the services they provide. Section 2 investigates how children begin. Section 3 examines the strategies pre-school providers need to implement in order to meet the requirements of the infrastructure dot class.Section 1 Early Years Where Your Child to a lower placestructure LearnThere is a wide variety of early days preparation and childcare lendable for young children. It is best to check out the different providers in your area to see what services and facilities they provide. A great deal of gaining and reading slangs place before the age of five, and your child stomach learn in a spell of settings.These include babys room classes, glasshouse schools and day nurseriesPre-school playgroups receipt classesAccredited childminders who are part of an appr oved net plumpChildrens CentresFinding An Early Education Place Near You It is possible to find out what is available in your area by contacting your local Childrens Information Services (CIS). Your CIS can also provide help and advice with all aspects of childcare and early years education. You can also search for nurseries, childcare and schools online by accessing the spare-time activity website www.dfes.gov.uk and clicking on Early Years. This facility provides you with the opportunity to type in your postcode to get a list of providers near you.This on-line facility allows you toFind a new schoolFind out more information roughly schools, such as contact details, School Profiles, Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted) reports, maps and achievement tablesFind childcare options, such as childminders, crches, nurseries, out of school care, holiday care and pre-school careOf critical importance to a childs long-term development is sourcing a highly effective provider in your local area. School Profiles are the new way for schools to report annually to parents, replacing the Governors Annual Report. all(prenominal) schools practice the simple format, designed to provide information about the schools performance and its broader achievements, both in and beyond the classroom.The School Profile is intended to give parents the information they need to understand the schools performance, strengths and areas for advancement and containsThe schools successesDetails of extra-curricular activitiesHealth and safety informationThe schools response to the latest Ofsted reportFree Education For Under Fives All three and four year olds in England are entitled to a free, good timberland, part-time early education place. The entitlement consists of a minimum of 12.5 hours per week for 38 weeks a year. It begins after your child binges three (the exact date depends on when their ingestday falls). It ends when they reach compulsory school age. babys room Classes, N ursery Schools And Day Nurseries Nursery classes and schools fall into two groups state and private. Most day nurseries are privately movement.Most nurseriesWill take your child between the ages of three and five, although many another(prenominal) day nurseries take younger childrenOpen end-to-end the school year, although some private day nurseries open during the school holidaysOperate a core day of 9.00 to 3.30 pm, although many nurseries offer longer daysOffer five half-day sessions, although some types of nursery will offer part-time or regular places depending on your needsNursery schools and classes have a minimum ratio of two adults to 20 to 26 children one must be a fitting teacher, the other a qualified nursery assistant. Day nurseries have more intensive laging ratios and different rules on qualifications of staff depending on the ages of children being cared for.Pre-School Playgroups These are often non-profit making. They may be run by volunteers, often includi ng parents.Most playgroupsWill take your child between the ages of three and five, although some will take two year oldsOpen through and throughout the school yearUsually offer half-day sessions, although are not al ways open all week, and others may be able to provide you with longer hours add places for between 10 to 20 children there must be one adult for every eight children, and at least half of the adults must be qualified leaders or assistantsReception Classes near primary schools are able to admit children under five into a reception class.Reception classes backpack children aged four and fiveOpen throughout the school yearMay take your child for half-day sessions at first, and then build up to full-time attendanceAre limited by law to up to 30 children most have assistantsChildminders They usually look after children in their own home. Some childminders work as part of a network to offer early years education. All childminders who care for children under eight agree to certain quality standards and must be registered, checked and inspected regularly to spring sure they are suitable to look after children.ChildmindersLook after your child from a hardly a(prenominal) months old up to the age of five and some will also look after school age children after school and in the holidaysCan often be flexible about the days and times they work however, every childminder will be different so you will have to hash out this with the childminderCan look after up to sise children under eight years old, although no more than three must be aged under five years of age.Childrens Centres Sure Start Childrens Centres can provide early education and full day care for children under five, as well as a range of other services such as family support and health services. They are open a minimum of 10 hours a day, five days a week, 48 weeks a year.Section 2 Child developingThe importance of the first five years of a childs life in terms of mental, emotional, social and physical development is now widely recognised. To this end the Labour Government since it was elected in 1997 has introduced a number of measures, which have alterd the availability and quality of pre-school provision. The variety of this provision was explored in section. All pre-school providers must comply with a number of statutory acts e.g. The Children coiffure 1989, The Care Standards Act 2000 etc, which are administered by a variety of regulatory bodies.The most effective way to make the pre-school milieu safe is for the staff to fully understand how children develop. When children are stimulated and are actively encouraged to flex involved with learning activities, this reduces the occurrence of bad behavior and makes a evidential contribution to improving the safety of the pre-school provision. This section is concerned with exploring how children learn and develop.How Do Children Develop? During the last 10 years, there has been an explosion in our knowledge o f the ways in which humans develop and learn. When educators discuss childrens development, they usually talk about physical, mental, social and emotional development. It is important to memorialise that some children progress express than others and that the time spent in stages does not reflect their intelligence. They may have a personality which needs to move slower in order to approve life and really internalise their learning.Physical Development Once born, children develop strength from top to bottom (head, then body, then legs, then feet) from the inside to the impertinent (trunk, then arms and legs, then hands and feet, then fingers and toes) from large muscle (jumping, hopping, running, throwing, catching, carrying, climbing and balancing) to small muscle (using muscles of the wrist and hand in activities such as cutting, drawing, stringing beads, building block towers, working with play dough) skills. This is a range that all humans follow. While children are young we need to do many activities to strengthen their large and small muscles. Muscle skill development and maintaining a healthy body are especially important for future reading, writing, and maths success.Mental Development When a child is born, he / she comes with a brain ready and eager to learn. The brain is very much like a new computer. It has great potential for development, depending on what we put into it. Early experiences greatly influence the way a person develops. Everyone who works with children has a major responsibility for the future of those children. The activities you do with them from birth to 10 will determine how their learning patterns develop. As children interact with their environment, they learn problem solving skills, critical thinking skills, and language skills.Social Development archetypal children develop a sense of self and then a sense of belonging to a family. They begin to watch other children and want to interact with them. Childrens plays dev elops through stages (playing alone, playing near others but not sharing, playing and sharing, playing with a purpose, organised games). These stages develop over time and with practice.Later, children develop their ability to think of the rights of others and to feel empathy for them. They learn to work cooperatively with others and to resolve conflicts in peaceful ways. You can interact with your child in ways that encourage cooperative behaviour and respect for the rights of others. Interacting with others in positive ways is critical to prospering life.Emotional Development As babies grow, they learn that they are not the centre of the universe and that they can depend on others. They develop a trust or mistrust of others. As toddlers, they learn to be proud of their accomplishment and state their opinions and desires. As they become pre-schoolers, children learn to separate from their parents and adjust to the school environment. They begin to participate in classroom activi ties.They learn to take turns and to solve conflicts using oral communication. They begin to learn to correspond their emotions. They learn that it is okay to make a mistake. They develop confidence in themselves and learn to love themselves. You can help your children by encouraging them and showing your conviction in their abilities. Having confidence in yourself and liking yourself are critically important to future success in school and in life.How Do We Prepare Children To Be Ready To Learn? There is great interest on the part of parents in teaching children their letters and numbers and writing skills. The following lists show the pre-reading and pre-writing skills and root brass number skills that every child must develop in order to learn to read, write and do well in maths.Reading Skills Reading skills develop in range and teachers try to help each child progress along the sequence as he / she is ready to progress. First, a child develops a love of books. At the sam e time they are beginning to develop eye-hand coordination. Next, they acquire tracking skills (the ability to follow words and pages from left to right through a book). indeed children begin to recognise individual letters and later they realise that letters form words.Next they begin to understand that words breathe the same from day to day. Listening skills improve at about the same time. The child begins to hear letter sounds and connect them with the written letters. Later, he/she begins to string sounds unneurotic to make words. The child then learns to hear and use the rhythm of the language. Reading ability continues to improve as he/she receives positive feedback from interested adults. constitution Skills This is a sequence which each child passes through. One step follows another. A lot of practice is required at each stage. First the child begins to develop the sequence of drawing skills (from scribbling to making representational drawings). Encourage them to draw oft en. Small muscle strength needed for controlling writing instruments is increased through activities using squeezing, pinching and cutting. then the child begins to imitate letters and numbers for fun and then to write for a purpose. When they receive positive feedback from interested adults, childrens skills will continue to improve at a fast pace.Maths Skills These skills develop with much practice and we encourage their development as the child is ready. The child begins to count for fun (rote counting). Then they begin to see the purpose for counting and begin counting objects in a set (meaningful counting). Next they begin adding to or subtracting objects from a set. They begin canvass objects in a set. Then the child begins sorting (by size, shape, colour etc.) and ordering (by size, first-second-third etc). They enjoy learning to estimate (guess how many) and predict (what will happen next).They begin to sequence objects (red, yellow, blue, yellow, _____). This is a slow p rocess and requires a lot of practice. At last the child begins to recognise numbers and associate the number with a like number of objects. They also begin to write numbers. Later, they will write the number words. If we make the learning fun, children will enjoy learning maths through their school years. branch 3 FOUNDATION STAGE 3-5The keister Stage was introduced as a distinct phase of education for children aged 3-5 in September 2000. In preparation, Curriculum Guidance For The Foundation Stage was distributed in May 2000 to all schools with nursery and reception classes, and to early years settings receiving education grant funding. This guidance sets out six-spot areas of learning which form the basis of the Foundation Stage Curriculum. These areas arePersonal, social and emotional developmentCommunication, language and literacyMathematical development association and understanding of the piecePhysical developmentCreative developmentEach area of learning has a set of rela ted early learning goals. Curriculum Guidance For The Foundation Stage is intended to help practitioners plan to meet the diverse needs of all children so that most will achieve and some, where appropriate, will go beyond the early learning goals by the end of the Foundation Stage. The Education Act 2002 extended the National Curriculum to include the Foundation Stage. The six areas of learning became statutory, and the Act also specified that there should be early learning goals for each area. A national consultation on the content of the early learning goals as set out in Curriculum Guidance For The Foundation Stage was carried out in autumn 2002.Following this consultation the early learning goals and use of the Curriculum Guidance as a guide, became statutory in March 2002. The Act also established a single national assessment system for the Foundation Stage, replacing baseline assessment schemes. The Foundation Stage profile was introduced into schools and settings in 2002-03. The Foundation Stage profile has 13 summary scales covering the six areas of learning, which need to be completed for each child receiving government-funded education by the end of his or her time in the foundation stage.The curriculum for the Foundation Stage should underpin all future learning by supporting, fostering, promoting and developing childrensPersonal, Social And Emotional Well-Being In particular by supporting the regeneration to and between settings, promoting an inclusive ethnos and providing opportunities for each child to become a valued member of that group and community so that a strong self-image and egoism are promoted.Positive Attitudes And Disposition Towards Their Learning In particular an enthusiasm for knowledge and learning and a confidence in their ability to be successful learners.Social Skills In particular by providing opportunities that enable them to learn how to cooperate and work harmoniously alongside and with each other and listen to each ot her. circumspection Skills And Persistence In particular the capacity to concentrate on their own or on group tasks.Language And Communication With opportunities for all children to talk and happen in a widening range of situations, to respond to adults and to each other, to practise and extend the range of vocabulary and communication skills they use and to listen carefully.Reading And Writing With opportunities for all children to explore, enjoy, learn about and use words and text in a broad range of contexts and to experience a rich variety of books. math With opportunities for all children to develop their understanding of number, measurement, pattern, shape and space by providing a broad range of contexts in which they can explore, enjoy, learn, practise and talk about them.Knowledge And Understanding Of The World With opportunities for all children to solve problems, make decisions, experiment, predict, plan and question in a variety of contexts, and to explore and find out about their environment and people and places that have significance in their lives.Physical Development With opportunities for all children to develop and practise their fine and gross motor skills and to increase their understanding of how their bodies work and what they need to do to be healthy and safe.Creative Development With opportunities for all children to explore and pct their thoughts, ideas and feelings through a variety of art, design and technology, music, movement, dance and visionary and role play activities.In order to fulfil the requirements of the Foundation Stage Curriculum and provide a safe and supportive environment, pre-school providers need to implement the following strategyTo Encourage Physical Development Pre-School Providers Need ToFeed children meals with good nutritional value and teach nutrition activities to children and parentsTeach children and families about good hygienicsPractise large motor skills (balancing, galloping, skipping, buildin g muscles in the arms, legs, and trunk)Build small motor skills through practise (cutting, holding writing instruments, drawing, painting, stringing beads, using play dough, weewee play)Present activities to develop eye-hand coordinationOffer many movement activitiesPlay instruments to the rhythm of the musicPlay games that involve listening to and following directionsParents should be encouraged to take their children for regular medical and dental checkupsTo Encourage Mental Development Pre-school Providers Need ToAsk open-ended questions (questions which encourage children to think because they have no right or wrong answer)Give children choicesAllow and encourage creativity (through art, music and movement, dictation, re-telling stories and creating new ones)Building language skills (through conversation with adults and each other, word games, reading stories, learning nursery rhymes, singing, dramatic play, introduction of new words, providing a writing centre with word cards and writing materials, activities with puppets, listening centre activities)Provide science experiments and introduce concepts about our world to help them make sense of itLearn about the neighbourhood and the city through walks and field tripsProvide many manipulative materials which encourage the development of problem solving skillsEncourage counting objects through games and individual questionsAsk the children for their opinionsMake charts with their predictions and their opinions and re-read them oftenProvide small groups and individual activities involving counting sets and adding or subtracting provide manipulative exercises which encourage classifying (by size, colour shape, general classes like animals or plants and by function such as library and book)Read daily to the childrenHelp them learn sequencing by telling stories back to the teacherObserve each child in order to provide activities to encourage their individual learningIt is important to remember what children kno w depends on the experiences they gainTo Encourage Social Development Pre-School Providers Need ToSet up their classrooms in learning centres to enable and encourage children to work unitedly in small groupsHelp them develop self-esteem by accepting and respecting their effortsGive children jobs and responsibilities in the classroomTeach children to clean up and straighten up at the end of their work timeHelp them learn to respect others through adult action, words, stories and conversationsEncourage children to help other children in need and to shareGive them encouragementInvite them to share their culture with others and encourage their parents to come into centresIntroduce them to children of other cultures and different abilitiesHelp children develop a positive side by being trustworthy role modelsRead books and have discussions which show parents leaving their children at school and being there when their children arrive home converse about careers and jobs and why parents h ave to workHave a structured day so that children will feel secureLet children help make the rules for the classroom and let them choose projects to work on through with(predicate) example and opportunity help the children learn to work and play cooperatively with othersGive the children the words to use to solve their problems with other childrenTo Encourage Emotional Development Pre-school Providers Need ToHelp children learn to control their own behaviour through setting a positive exampleHelp the children to learn to wait for a turn and to share with othersHelp them develop plans for activities to do while waiting for a turnReassure children that it is okay to have feelings and to express them in acceptable waysGive them the ability to channel their energy in constructive waysThrough showing respect to our children we help them to learn to show respect for each otherGive children self-respect through accepting them as they are and service of process them develop their negotiati ng and problem-solving skillsREFERENCESBee, H. and Boyd, E. (2004), The Developing Child, (10th Edition, Pearson Education)Gopnik, A. / Meltzoff, A. / Kuhl, P. (2001), How Babies Think, (Phoenix)Hobart, C. and Frankel, J. (1999), A Practical Guide To Child Observations And Assessment, (Nelson Thornes)Foundation Stage 3-5, QCA, (http//www.qca.org.uk/160.html)Early Years, DFES, (http//www.dfes.gov.uk)